Las vacunas de la malaria y su potencial aportación para el control y eliminación de la enfermedad

Authors

  • Laura Monzón Llamas London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, SAMU, Swiss TPH, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5463-5744
  • Daniel Cobos Muñoz Departamento de Epidemiología y Salud Pública del instituto Suizo de Medicina Tropical y Salud Pública Basilea https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5920-1304
  • Paloma Merino Amador Servicio de Microbiología Clínica del Hospital Clínico San Carlo de Madrid, Profesora Asociada del Departamento de Medicina de la Facultad de Medicina de la UCM https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3524-9415

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37536/RIECS.2021.6.S1.248

Keywords:

Vacunas, Malaria, Erradicación, Eliminación de la malaria

Abstract

A pesar de que la malaria se puede prevenir y tratar, sigue ejerciendo efectos devastadores en la salud y el modo de vida de las personas a nivel mundial. Se estima que, en el año 2019, 229 millones de casos de malaria tuvieron lugar en todo el mundial y Plasmodium falciparum ha sido el parásito responsable de la mayoría de las muertes por malaria, debido a su diversidad y habilidad para esquivar la respuesta inmunológica. Actualmente existen 87 países endémicos, siendo la región de África la que reporta el 94% de los casos.

References

Frimpong A, Asamoah Kusi K, Fokuo Ofori M, Ndifon W. Novel Strategies for Malaria Vaccine Design, Front. Immunol 2018; 9:2769.

WHO, World Malaria Report 2020: 20 Years of Global Progress and Challenges (Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO., 2020).

Estrategia Técnica Mundial Contra La Malaria 2016–2030 (Organización Mundial de la Salud, 2015).

WHO, Global Malaria Control and Elimination: Report of a Technical Review (Geneva, Switzerland, 17 January 2008).

Bhatt S. Weiss DJ, Cameron E, Bisanzio D, Mappin B, Dalrymple U, et al. The Effect of Malaria Control on Plasmodium falciparum in Africa between 2000 and 2015 Nature 2015; 526:207.

WHO, Global Malaria Control and Elimination: Report of a Technical Review. 2020.

WHO, ‘Malaria: Insecticide Resistance’ (WHO: web page, 2020).

Philip JR. Antimalarial Drug Resistance in Africa: The Calm before the Storm? The Lancet 2019; 19.10.

Collins KA., Snaith R, Cottingham MG, Gilbert SC, Hill AVS. Enhancing Protective Immunity to Malaria with a Highly Immunogenic Virus-like Particle Vaccine, Scientific Reports 2017; 7:46621.

Bejon P et al, Efficacy of RTS,S/AS01E Vaccine against Malaria in Children 5 to 17 Months of Age, New England J Med 2008; 359.24: 2521–2532.

The RTS,S Clinical Trials Partnership. Efficacy and Safety of the RTS,S/AS01 Malaria Vaccine during 18 Months after Vaccination: A Phase 3 Randomized, Controlled Trial in Children and Young Infants at 11 African Sites, 2014, PLoS Medicine.

Greenwood BM. Efficacy and Safety of RTS,S/AS01 Malaria Vaccine with or without a Booster Dose in Infants and Children in Africa: Final Results of a Phase 3, Individually Randomised, Controlled Trial, Lancet 2015386(9988): 31–45.

The RTS,S Clinical Trials Partnership, ‘First Results of Phase 3 Trial of RTS,S/AS01 Malaria Vaccine in African Children’, N Engl J Med 2011; 365:1863-1875.

Malaria Vaccine: WHO Position Paper’ (World Health Organisation No 4, 33–52 (2016), 2016).

World Health Organization, First Malaria Vaccine in Africa: A Potential New Tool for Child Health and Improved Malaria Control.

Raja AI, Stanisic DI, Good MF. Chemical Attenuation in the Development of a Whole-Organism Malaria Vaccine, Infect Immun, 2017; 85:e00062-17.

Roestenberg M. McCall M, Hopman J, Wiersma J, Luty AJF, van Gemert GJ, van de Vegte-Bolmer M, van Schaijk B, Teelen K, Arens T, Spaarman L, de Mast Q, Roeffen W, Snounou G, Renia L, van der Ven A, Hermsen CC, Sauerwein R. Protection against a Malaria Challenge by Sporozoite Inoculation N Engl J Med, 2009; 361:468 – 477.

Roestenberg M, Teirlinck AC, McCall MBB, Teelen K, Makamdop KN, Wi- ersma J, Arens T, Beckers P, van Gemert G, van de Vegte-Bolmer M, van der Ven AJAM, Luty AJF, Hermsen CC, Sauerwein RW. Long-Term Protection against Malaria after Experimental Sporozoite Inoculation: An Open-Label Follow-up Study, Lancet, 2011; 377:1770 –1776.

Good MF. Reiman JM, Rodriguez IB, Ito K, Yanow SK, El-Deeb IM, Batzloff MR, Stanisic DI, Engwerda C, Spithill T, Hoffman SL, Moses L, McPhun V. Cross-Species Malaria Immunity Induced by Chemically Attenuated Parasites, J Clin Invest, 2013; 66634.

Kazungu JS, Adetifa IMO. Crude Childhood Vaccination Coverage in West Africa: Trends and Predictors of Completeness, Wellcome Open Res 2017; 2: 12.

Bejon P et al. Stable and Unstable Malaria Hotspots in Longitudinal Cohort Studies in Kenya. Plos Medicine, 2010.

Mnzava A, Knox T, Temu EA, Trett A. Implementation of the Global Plan for Insecticide Resistance Management in Malaria Vectors: Progress, Challenges and the Way Forward, Malaria Journal 201; 14(1):173.

Published

26-02-2021