Fisioterapia para la mejora de la participación en el entorno escolar de educación infantil, equilibrio y la marcha en la Parálisis Cerebral: Estudio de caso

Autores/as

  • Soraya Pacheco da Costa Universidad de Alcalá. Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud. Departamento de Enfermería y Fisioterapia. Área de Fisioterapia. Grupo de investigación de Fisioterapia Neuromusculoesquelética en las etapas de la vida

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37536/RIECS.2024.9.1.412

Palabras clave:

Parálisis Cerebral, Fisioterapia, Participación, tapiz rodante, Terapia de Aprendizaje Motor Orientado a la Tarea

Resumen

Resumen: La Parálisis Cerebral es un conjunto de trastornos permanentes, que afectan al movimiento, postura y equilibrio, y repercuten en la actividad funcional y participación en el entorno. La Fisioterapia Educativa busca aumentar la autonomía personal, facilitar la integración y adaptar el aprendizaje de alumnos con necesidades especiales. El objetivo del estudio fue comprobar el efecto de una intervención de Fisioterapia, que combina Terapia de Aprendizaje Motor Orientado a la Tarea y Ejercicio Terapéutico con tapiz rodante, sobre las variables resultado de participación, función motora gruesa, velocidad y resistencia de la marcha, control de tronco y objetivos funcionales. Se hizo un estudio de caso de 10 semanas de duración con un niño de 3 años diagnosticado de Parálisis Cerebral. La intervención de Fisioterapia se realizó en dos fases: un periodo intensivo de 6 semanas con 7 sesiones semanales de Fisioterapia y un periodo no intensivo de 4 semanas con 4 sesiones a la semana. Tras las 10 semanas, se observaron mejoras en todas las variables, tanto en el periodo intensivo como en el no intensivo, con diferencias mínimas clínicamente relevantes en las variables de función motora gruesa, velocidad y resistencia de la marcha. Por ello, se concluye que la intervención propuesta tiene un efecto positivo sobre la participación en el entorno escolar de Educación Infantil, en la función motora gruesa, en la velocidad y resistencia de la marcha, en el control del tronco y en la consecución de objetivos funcionales en un niño diagnosticado de Parálisis Cerebral.

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31-05-2024

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