La Nefrocalcinosis: una patología no tan infrecuente.
Nefrocalcinosis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37536/RIECS.2024.9.1.410Palabras clave:
Nefrocalcinosis, Hipercalciuria, Oxalato cálcico, Fosfato cálcicoResumen
La nefrocalcinosis es una entidad de prevalencia desconocida que se ha relacionado con múltiples enfermades genéticas, alteraciones metabólicas, fármacos y la aparición de daño renal progresivo. Se caracteriza por la presencia de depósitos de calcio, ya sea de oxalato cálcico o fosfato cálcico, que se presentan de manera focal o difusa a nivel de la médula renal. El diagnóstico se realiza mediante pruebas de imagen. El mecanismo por el que se forman los depósitos cálcicos aún se encuentra en estudio, aunque generalmente se relaciona con alteraciones del metabolismo fosfo-cálcico, hipercalciuria, hiperfosfaturia o hipocitraturia, aunque existen otras patologías por las cuales la génesis de producción no es conocida. El objetivo principal de esta revisión es analizar las causas etiopatogénicas más comunes involucradas en el desarrollo de la nefrocalcinosis, así como el cuadro clínico que conforman. No obstante, son necesarios más estudios para aclarar de manera completa de esta entidad.
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